Based on the 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH), the Province of Kalinga had a Total Population of 229,570 persons. Of this total, the Household Population comprised 99.89 percent or 229,328 persons.
Of the 229,328 Household Population in 2020, 118,539 (51.69%) were males while 110,789 (48.31%) were females. By age group, 70,011 (30.53%) were under 15 years of age (young dependents). On the other hand, persons aged 15 to 64 years (working-age or economically-active population) totaled to 146,003 (63.67%) while those in age groups 65 years and over (old dependents) comprised the remaining 13,314 (5.81%). In 2015, persons aged 0 to 14 years, 15 to 64 years, and 65 years and over accounted for 33.48, 61.40 and 5.12 percent respectively, of the Household Population.
Moreover, there were more males (91.96%) than females (90.31%) among the 0 to 59 age group. Meanwhile, among the older age group (60 years and over), females (9.69%) outnumbered the males (8.04%). The same trend was also observed in 2015.
Sex ratio stands at 107 males per 100 females
The sex ratio in the Province of Kalinga was computed at 107 in 2020. This means that there were 107 males for every 100 females. The sex ratio in 2015 was similar at 107 males per 100 females.
In 2020, children aged below 15 years had a sex ratio of 108 males per 100 females, while those aged 15 to 64 years had a sex ratio of 109 males per 100 females. Moreover, among those aged 65 years and over, the sex ratio was 86 males per 100 females. This depicts a longer life expectancy among females than males or a higher mortality rate among males than females in the older age groups. (Figure 2)
Median age increases to 24.5 years
The median age of the Household Population of the Province of Kalinga continues to rise during the past three decades. In 2020, the median age was computed at 24.5 years, which means that half of the household population was younger than 24.5 years, while the other half is older than 24.5 years. This is higher than the median ages of 23.1 years and 21.9 years that were posted in 2015 and 2010, respectively. (Figure 3)
Dependency ratio declines to 57 dependents per 100 persons in the working-age group
The overall dependency ratio of the Province of Kalinga was computed at 57, which indicates that for every 100 working-age or economically-active population, there were about 57 dependents (48 young dependents and 9 old dependents). This is lower than the dependency ratio in 2015, which was recorded at 63 dependents per 100 working-age population (55 young dependents and 8 old dependents). (Table 1)
There are more males than females in children under five years old
Children below five years old comprised 9.69 percent (22,218 persons) of the Household Population which is lower than the 10.94 percent (23,198 persons) posted in 2015. The sex ratio in 2020 and 2015 were similar and computed at 108 males per 100 females. (Table 2)
About two in every five household population are of school age
In 2020, the school-age population (5 to 24 years old) accounted for 94,524 (41.22%) of the 229,328 Household Population compared to the 90,316 (42.60%) school-age population that was reported in 2015. (Table 2 and Figure 4)
Senior citizens constitute about 8.84 percent of the Household Population
In the Province of Kalinga, people aged 60 years old and over are regarded as senior citizens. They made up 8.84 percent (20,266 persons) of the Household Population in 2020, higher than the 7.73 percent (16,385 persons) recorded in 2015. There were more females (53.00%) than males (47.00%) among the senior citizens, in 2020. The same trend was observed in 2015. (Table 2 and Figure 5)
More than half of the female population are of reproductive age
Women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years old) totaled to 57,605 or 52.00 percent of the 110,789 female household population in 2020. These figures were higher compared with the 50.53 percent (51,709 females) posted in 2015. (Table 2 and Figure 6)
Aging index increases by 5.8 points from 23.1 in 2015 to 28.9 in 2020
In the Province of Kalinga, the aging index or the proportion of persons aged 60 years and over per 100 persons under the age of 15 years was computed at 28.9 percent in 2020. This means that there are two person aged 60 years and over for every seven children under 15 years old. In 2015, the aging index was 5.8 points lower at 23.1 percent. (Table 2 and Figure 7)
TECHNICAL NOTES
The Philippine Statistics Authority conducted the 2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) in September 2020, with 01 May 2020 as reference date.
The 2020 CPH was the 15th census of population and 7th census of housing that was undertaken in the Philippines since the first census in 1903. It was designed to take inventory of the total population and housing units in the country and collect information about their characteristics.
The Philippine Standard Geographic Codes as of April 2022 was used for the disaggregation of geographic levels of the 2020 CPH.
Definition of Terms and Concepts
Household is a social unit consisting of person or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have a common arrangement in the preparation and consumption of food.
Household population refers to all persons who are members of the household.
Sex is the biological and physiological reality of being a male or female.
Age refers to the interval of time between the person’s date of birth and his/her last birthday prior to the census reference date. It is expressed in completed years or whole number.
Age-sex structure is the composition of a population as determined by the number or proportion of males and females in each age category. The age-sex structure of a population is the cumulative result of past trends in fertility, mortality, and migration. Information on age-sex composition is essential for the description and analysis of many other types of demographic data.
Population pyramid is a bar chart, arranged vertically, that shows the distribution of a population by age and sex. By convention, the younger ages are at the bottom, with males on the left and females on the right.
Sex ratio is the number of males per one hundred females in a population.
Median age is the age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half of the population are younger than this age and the other half are older.
Overall dependency ratio is the number of persons under 15 years old (young dependents) and persons aged 65 and older (old dependents) per one hundred persons 15 to 64 years old (working-age or economically-productive group) in a population.
Aging of population is a process in which the proportions of adults and elderly increase in a population, while the proportions of children and adolescents decrease. This process results in a rise in the median age of the population. Aging occurs when fertility rates decline while life expectancy remains constant or improves at the older ages.
Aging index is calculated as the number of persons 60 years old and over per one hundred persons under the age of 15 years.
MARIBEL M. DALAYDAY
Chief Statistical Specialist
