Consumer Price Index

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is the general measure of the change in the average retail prices of a market basket or collection of goods and services commonly purchased by the average Filipino household.

The CPI of the Province of Benguet in June 2023 remained at 119.1, the same from the previous month.

CPI by Commodity Groups

• Among the commodity groups, Financial Services still had the highest CPI at 146.0 index points. It recorded a constant 146.0 CPI starting January 2022 up to this month.
• Transport Services ranked second among the commodity groups in the province at 136.3 index points in June 2023. It decreased by 1.3 index point comparing from the previous month.
• Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco still registered the third highest CPI at 133.8 index points, decreased by 0.2 index point from the previous month.
• Meanwhile, Information and Communication still had the lowest CPI among the commodity groups at the provincial level with 103.0 index points.

Inflation Rate

Inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. A chief measure of price inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in CPI over time.

Following the trend of the inflation at the national and regional level, inflation in Benguet decreased to 3.5 percent in June 2023, from 3.7 percent in May 2023. In June 2022, inflation was higher at 9.8 percent. (Table B and Figure 2)

The main driver in the downtrend of inflation in May 2023 was transport at -2.8 percent, from 0.4 percent in June 2023.  This was followed by health at 3.0 percent, from 3.8 percent, and food and non-alcoholic beverages at 7.8 percent, from the 7.9 percent in the previous month.

Relative to their annual rates in the previous month, decreases were also observed in the indices of the following:

1. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 8.9 percent from 9.7 percent;
2. Clothing and footwear, 3.9 percent from 4.2 percent;
3. Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance, 4.2 percent from 4.5 percent;
4. Recreation, sport and culture, 6.2 percent from 6.3 percent; and
5.  Personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services, 5.2 percent from 5.5 percent.

On the contrary, decreases were observed in the index of the following:

1. Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels, 0.5 percent from -0.1 percent; and
2. Restaurants and accommodation services, 7.2 percent from 6.7 percent.

Meanwhile, information and communication, and financial services had the same inflation rates from the previous month. (Table 3)

Food inflation at the provincial level decreased to 8.0 percent in June 2023, from 8.0 percent in May 2023. In June 2022, food inflation stood at 10.6 percent. (Table 5,9)

The lower food inflation was mainly brought about by fruits and nuts at 7.2 percent, from 12.1 percent in May 2023. It was followed by oils and fats at 10.7 percent, from 15.5 percent, and milk, other dairy products at 15.3 percent, from 16.4 percent in the previous month.

Meanwhile, lower annual growth rates were observed in the indices of the following food groups in June 2023:

1. Rice, 3.1 percent from 3.2 percent;
2. Corn, -14.9 percent from -10.0 percent;
3. Meat and other parts of slaughtered animals, 0.8 percent from 1.2 percent;
4. Fish and other seafood, 4.7 percent; and
5. Sugar, confectionery and desserts, 32.7 percent from 34.0 percent.

Increases were also observed from the following food groups:

1. Flour, bread and other bakery products, pasta products, and other cereals, 10.4 percent from 9.4 percent;
2. Fish and other seafood, 5.2 percent from 4.7 percent;
3. Vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas and pulses, 20.4 percent from 16.6 percent; and
4. Ready-made food and other food products n.e.c,, 5.8 percent from 5.5 percent.

Purchasing Power of the Peso (PPP)

Purchasing Power of Peso is a measure of the real value of peso in a given period relative to the base year. The nearer the base year to the current period, the higher the value of the peso derived. As the period goes farther from the base year, the value of peso diminishes as this is “eaten up” by the inflationary factors.

The value of 1 peso in the province remained at 84 centavos in June 2023. This can be translated that one peso in 2018 was worth 84 centavos in June 2023.

IMELDA L. BUYUCCAN

Chief Statistical Specialist

/SMBP

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TECHNICAL NOTES

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a general measure of the change in the average retail prices of a market basket or collection of goods and services commonly purchased by the average Filipino household.

Inflation Rate (IR) is the rate of change in the average price level between two periods (year-on year/month-on-month as measured by the CPI).

Purchasing Power of the Peso (PPP) measures how much the peso in the reference year is worth in another year.

Base Year (BY) is the reference point of the index number series, at which the index number is set to 100. It is the reference point of the index number series.

The CPI is now rebased from base year 2012 to base year 2018. The rebasing of the CPI is done periodically by the PSA:

1. to ensure that the CPI market basket continues to capture goods and services commonly purchased by households over time;
2. to update expenditure patterns of households; and
3. to synchronize its base year with 2018 base year of the Gross Domestic Product and other indices produced by PSA such as Producer Price Index (PPI) for Agriculture; PPI for Manufacturing; and Value of Production Index (VaPI), Volume of Production Index (VoPI), and Value of Net Sales Index (VaNSI) for Manufacturing.

The rebasing of the CPI is also in accordance with the PSA Board Resolution No.1 Series 2017-146 which approves the synchronized rebasing of the price indices to base year 2006 and every six (6) years thereafter.

Market Basket (MB) is a sample of goods and services used to represent all goods and services produced or bought.