Consumer Price Index

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is the general measure of the change in the average retail prices of a market basket or collection of goods and services commonly purchased by the average Filipino household.

The CPI of the Province of Benguet in October 2022 was 118.7, increased by 1.7 index points from the 117.0 index last September 2022.

Table 1. Monthly Consumer Price Index for All Income Households in Benguet,

Region and Country

September and October 2021 and 2022

(2018=100)

Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Income Household in Benguet

by Selected Commodities and by Geographic Area: October 2022

(2018=100)

CPI by Commodity Groups

• Among the commodity groups, Financial Services still had the highest CPI at 146.0 index points. It recorded a constant 146.0 CPI starting January of this year.

• Transport Services ranked second among the commodity groups in the province at 144.0 index points in October 2022. It increased by 4 index point comparing from last month.

• Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco registered the third highest CPI at 126.6 index points, increased by 1.4 index points from last month.

• Meanwhile, Information and Communication still had the lowest CPI among the commodity groups at the provincial level with 103.0 index points.

Table 3. Consumer Price Index by Subgroup in Benguet

October 2021 and 2022

  (2018=100)

Inflation Rate

Inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. A chief measure of price inflation is the inflation rate, the annualized percentage change in CPI over time.

Figure 1. Inflation Rates in Benguet, All Items

(2018=100)

Despite of the uptrend at the national level, inflation in Benguet had decreased to 6.9 percent in October 2022 from the 7.9 percent in September. 

Table 4. Month-on-month and Year-on-year Percent Changes in Benguet

(2018=100)

Transport services posted the highest inflation rate among the commodity groups at 18.6 percent, recording a decrease of 15.8 percent from last month. It was followed by food and non-alcoholic beverages at 8.4 percent, and restaurant and accommodation services at 8.1 percent.

Contributing also to the inflation in the province were the following commodity groups:

1. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 7.1 percent;
2. Personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services, 4.7 percent;
3. Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels, 3.4 percent;
4. Clothing and footwear, 4.3 percent;
5. Recreation, sport and culture, 5.1 percent;
6. Health, 3.0 percent
7. Furnishing, household equipment and routine household, 1.8 percent
8. Information and communication, 0 percent
9. Education services, 1.6 percent

Purchasing Power of the Peso (PPP)

Purchasing Power of Peso is a measure of the real value of peso in a given period relative to the base year. The nearer the base year to the current period, the higher the value of the peso derived. As the period goes farther from the base year, the value of peso diminishes as this is “eaten up” by the inflationary factors.

• The value of 1 peso in the province was 84 centavos in October 2022. This can be translated that one peso in 2018 was worth 84 centavos in October 2022, 1 centavo lower compared from last month.

Transport services posted the highest inflation rate among the commodity groups at 18.6 percent, recording a decrease of 15.8 percent from last month. It was followed by food and non-alcoholic beverages at 8.4 percent, and restaurant and accommodation services at 8.1 percent.

Contributing also to the inflation in the province were the following commodity groups:

1. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 7.1 percent;
2. Personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services, 4.7 percent;
3. Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels, 3.4 percent;
4. Clothing and footwear, 4.3 percent;
5. Recreation, sport and culture, 5.1 percent;
6. Health, 3.0 percent
7. Furnishing, household equipment and routine household, 1.8 percent
8. Information and communication, 0 percent
9. Education services, 1.6 percent

Purchasing Power of the Peso (PPP)

Purchasing Power of Peso is a measure of the real value of peso in a given period relative to the base year. The nearer the base year to the current period, the higher the value of the peso derived. As the period goes farther from the base year, the value of peso diminishes as this is “eaten up” by the inflationary factors.

• The value of 1 peso in the province was 84 centavos in October 2022. This can be translated that one peso in 2018 was worth 84 centavos in October 2022, 1 centavo lower compared from last month.

Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a general measure of the change in the average retail prices of a market basket or collection of goods and services commonly purchased by the average Filipino household.

Inflation Rate (IR) is the rate of change in the average price level between two periods (year-on year/month-on-month as measured by the CPI).

Purchasing Power of the Peso (PPP) measures how much the peso in the reference year is worth in another year.

Base Year (BY) is the reference point of the index number series, at which the index number is set to 100. It is the reference point of the index number series.

The CPI is now rebased from base year 2012 to base year 2018. The rebasing of the CPI is done periodically by the PSA:

1. to ensure that the CPI market basket continues to capture goods and services commonly purchased by households over time;
2. to update expenditure patterns of households; and
3. to synchronize its base year with 2018 base year of the Gross Domestic Product and other indices produced by PSA such as Producer Price Index (PPI) for Agriculture; PPI for Manufacturing; and Value of Production Index (VaPI), Volume of Production Index (VoPI), and Value of Net Sales Index (VaNSI) for Manufacturing.

The rebasing of the CPI is also in accordance with the PSA Board Resolution No.1 Series 2017-146 which approves the synchronized rebasing of the price indices to base year 2006 and every six (6) years thereafter.

Market Basket (MB) is a sample of goods and services used to represent all goods and services produced or bought.