Table A. Year-on-Year Inflation Rates, All Items
In percent
(2018=100)

Figure 1. Inflation Rates in CAR, All Items
(2018=100)

_{Source: Retail Price Survey of Commodities for the Generation of Consumer Price Index, Philippine Statistics Authority}

Figure 2. Inflation Rates in Baguio City, All Items
(2018=100)

_{Source: Retail Price Survey of Commodities for the Generation of Consumer Price Index, Philippine Statistics Authority}
 

Table B. Year-on-Year Inflation Rates in Baguio City
By Commodity Groups
In percent
(2018=100)

1.    Philippines

The Philippines’ headline inflation or overall inflation increased to 3.7 percent in March 2024 from 3.4 percent in February 2024. This brings the national average inflation from January to March 2024 at 3.3 percent. In March 2023, inflation rate was higher at 7.6 percent. 

Main Drivers to the Upward Trend of the Headline Inflation

The uptrend in the overall inflation in March 2024 was primarily influenced by the higher year-on-year increase in the heavily-weighted food and non-alcoholic beverages at 5.6 percent during the month from 4.6 percent in February 2024. In addition, the faster annual increases in the indices of transport at 2.1 percent during the month from 1.2 percent in February 2024, and restaurants and accommodation services at 5.6 percent in March 2024 from 5.3 percent in the previous month contributed to the uptrend.

Moreover, higher inflation rates were also noted in the indices of health at 3.2 percent and recreation, sport and culture at 3.9 percent during the month from their respective inflation rates of 3.0 percent and 3.8 percent in the previous month.
In contrast, the following commodity groups registered lower inflation rates during the month:
a.    Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 6.7 percent from 8.6 percent;
b.    Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels, 0.5 percent from 0.9 percent;
c.    Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance, 3.2 percent from 3.3 percent; and
d.    Personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services, 3.6 percent from 3.8 percent.

The indices of the rest of the commodity groups retained their respective previous month’s annual rates. 

Main Contributors to the Headline Inflation

The top three commodity groups contributing to the March 2024 overall inflation were the following: 
a.    Food and non-alcoholic beverages with 57.3 percent share or 2.1 percentage points; 
b.    Restaurants and accommodation services with 14.6 percent share or 0.5 percentage point; and 
c.    Transport with 5.1 percent share or 0.2 percentage point.              
Food Inflation
Food inflation at the national level rose to 5.7 percent in March 2024 from 4.8 percent in February 2024. In March 2023, food inflation was higher at 9.5 percent. 
Main Drivers to the Upward Trend of Food Inflation
The acceleration of food inflation in March 2024 was mainly brought about by the slower year-on-year decrease in vegetables, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas and pulses index at 2.5 percent in March 2024 from 11.0 percent annual decline in the previous month. In addition, meat and other parts of slaughtered land animals index recorded a faster annual increment of 2.0 percent during the month from 0.7 percent in February 2024.
The inflation rate of cereals and cereals products, which includes rice, corn, flour, bread and other bakery products, pasta products, and other cereals, also increased to 17.3 percent during the month from 17.0 percent in February 2024. Moreover, slower annual decline was noted in the index of oils and fats at 4.6 percent during the month from 4.8 percent annual decline in February 2024.
On the contrary, lower annual growth rates during the month were observed in the indices of the following food groups:
a.    Milk, other dairy products and eggs, 2.3 percent from 3.5 percent;
b.    Fruits and nuts, 7.9 percent from 8.7 percent; and 
c.    Ready-made food and other food products not elsewhere classified, 4.3 percent from 4.6 percent.
In addition, the index of fish and other seafood recorded an annual decline of 0.9 percent during the month from a 0.7 percent annual increase in the previous month, while faster annual decline of 2.9 percent was observed in sugar, confectionery and desserts index from a 2.4 percent annual decline in February 2024.

Main Contributors to the Food Inflation

Food inflation shared 55.2 percent or 2.0 percentage points to the overall inflation in March 2024. The top three food groups in terms of contribution to the food inflation during the month were the following:
a.    Cereals and cereal products, which includes rice, corn, flour, bread and other bakery products, pasta products, and other cereals, with 91.3 percent share or 5.2 percentage points;  
b.    Meat and other parts of slaughtered land animals with 5.5 percent share or 0.3 percentage point; and
c.    Fruits and nuts with 5.1 percent share or 0.3 percentage point.

2. Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)

Similar to the national trend, inflation in the region for all income households further increased to 4.0 percent in March 2024, from 3.1 percent in February 2024. In March 2023, inflation was higher at 5.6 percent. (Figure 1)

The main driver to the upward trend of the overall inflation for this income group in March 2024 was the higher year-on-year growth in the heavily-weighted food and non-alcoholic beverages at 6.4 percent from 4.5 percent in the previous month. This was followed by housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fiuels which posted a higher annual increase of 0.5 percent during the month from -0.3 percent in February 2024, and transport which registered 3.9 percent in March 2024 from 3.2 percent in the previous month.

Higher annual increments were also noted in the indices of the following:
a.    Health, 5.4 percent from 5.1 percent;
b.    Restaurants and accommodation services, 5.6 percent from 5.0 percent; and
c.    Personal care and miscellaneous goods, 2.9 percent from 2.8 percent.

In contrast, lower annual growth rates were noted in the indices of the following:
a.    Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 4.8 percent from 5.5 percent;
b.    Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance, 3.6 from 3.7 percent; and
c.    Recreation, sports and culture, 1.9 percent from 2.3 percent.

The indices of the rest of the commodity groups retained their respective previous month’s annual rates. 

Food Inflation

Food inflation for all income households at the regional level moved at a faster pace of 6.6 percent in March 2024 from 4.5 percent in the previous month. In March 2023, its annual increase was observed at 8.6 percent. 

Main Drivers to the Upward Trend of the Food Inflation

The uptrend in the food inflation was mainly due to the increase in vegetable, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas and pulses at -1.0 from
-12.4 percent, cereal and cereal products at 18.8 percent from 17.9 percent, and fish, and other seafood at 3.5 percent from 2.6 percent.

3. Baguio City

Following the trend of the inflation at the national and regional level, inflation in Baguio City further increased to 3.6 percent in March 2024, from 2.7 percent in February 2024. In March 2023, inflation was higher at 4.3 percent. (Table B and Figure 2)

The main driver in the uptrend of inflation for all income households in March 2024 was food and non-alcoholic beverages at 5.3 percent, from 3.5 percent in the previous month. This was followed by housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels at 1.5 percent from 0.4 percent, and restaurants and accommodation services at 7.6 percent, from the 6.6 percent in the previous month.  Moreover, the following also increased during the month:
a.    Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, 4.6 percent from 4.2 percent; 
b.    Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance, 5.1 percent from 4.9 percent; 
c.    Health, 4.3 percent from 3.9 percent; and
d.    Transport, 1.7 percent from 1.6 percent.

On the contrary, decreases were observed in the index of recreation, sport and culture at 1.1 percent from 1.5 percent, and personal care, and miscellaneous goods and services at 2.7 percent from 2.8 percent.

Meanwhile, no change recorded for the rest of the commodity groups.

Food Inflation

Food inflation for all income households at the provincial level moved at a faster pace of 5.5 percent in March 2024 from 3.7 percent in the previous month. In March 2023, its annual increase was observed at 10.1 percent. 

Main Drivers to the Upward Trend of the Food Inflation

The uptrend in the food inflation was mainly due to the increase in vegetable, tubers, plantains, cooking bananas and pulses at –0.9 percent from -13.4 percent, fish and other seafood at 5.9 percent from 3.6 percent, and fruits and nuts at 15.6 percent from 13.8 percent.

On the contrary, decreases were observed in the index of the following:
a.    Cereals and cereal products, 14.3 percent from 15.8 percent;
b.    Meat and other parts of slaughtered land animals, 1.2 percent from 1.5 percent;
c.    Milk, other dairy products and eggs, -1.2 percent from 3.2 percent; 
d.    Oils and fats, -2.4 percent from -1.8 percent; 
e.    Sugar, confectionery and desserts, -5.5 percent from -5.1 percent; and
f.    Ready-made food and other food products n.e.c., 6.0 percent from 6.5 percent.

Note: CPIs and inflation rates by region, province and selected city are posted at the PSA website (https://openstat.psa.gov.ph/).

IMELDA L. BUYUCCAN (SGD)
Chief Statistical Specialist

/SMBP